Hollow concrete wall construction



Oct. 6, 1931; 3, w. w s 1,826,111

E'IOLLOW CONCRETE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 13,. 1.927

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//7 yen/0r W4 Ll/(JAM Patented Oct. 6, 1931 PATENT OFFECE GEORGE WESLEYWILLIAMS, 0F BURLINGAIVTE, CALIFORNIA HOLLQW CONCRETE WALL CONSTRUCTIGNApplication filed September 13, 1927. Serial No. 219,305.

The object of my invention is to make possible a durable, fire-proof,building construc- *tion, using concrete or some other non-combustiblematerial with similar properties tend in so doing to eliminate thecustomary wooden forms, re-enforcing steel, etc., at present used; alsoto materially reduce the amount of material required by making hollowwalls; and also to greatly reduce labor costs by eliminating a numberofoperations at pres- 'ent required in frame, brick, hollow tile, concrete block, or concrete building construction. In addition, the specialshape of the forms makes possible their easy transportation whileoccupying a minimum of space.

In general, my invention differs from the ordinary method of concreteconstruction in that the concrete is plastered on the re-enforcingmaterial which is previously set in place in the manner described inthis specification and the accompanying drawings.

The unit of my invention is a specially designed form, rectangular inshape andabout 2 feet wide and 9 feet long, and may be composed of wire,steel, paper or expanded metal, or a combination of any materials sodesigned that cement plaster or other similar material, when applied tothe form in the customary manner by plasterers, or shot into place bythe concrete gun method, will stick to the form, harden and bere-enforced by it.

For the-purpose of better explaining my method of construction, I amusing one of the possible materials for the forms-namely, a welded wirefabric, Wire 2 on centers, with a'water-proof paper backing so designedthat V the paper is held away from the wire fabric and forms backing forthe plaster material while the wire fabric holdsit in place andreenforces it. This material, when made into forms as hereinafterdescribed, is very adaptable to the use I have in mind. a

Figure 1 is a horizontal plan view of the device; 7

Figure 2 is another horizontal plan view showing studs used with thedevice;

Figure 3 is a section along the line A-A of Figurel;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of a portion of the device; and

Figure 5 is a sectional View along the line BB of Figure 1. v

The unit of my invention 8, on the drawings, is composed of a singlesheet of welded wire fabric 4, described above, with paper backing 3attached, also describedthe sheet being approximately 2 feet wide and 9feet long, but both width and length being subject to variation,depending on the type, strength, and design of the structure to beerected.

The fabric of each unit is bent on one edge at the points 12 and 9, Fig.1, both these bends being in the same direction-the bend at 9 making thewire fabric at the edge extend at right angles to the main face of theunit. On the other edge of each unit, the wire fabric is bent at thepoints 10 and 11, Fig. 1. The bend at 10 extends in the same directionfrom the main face of the unit as the bend at 12 at the other edge ofthe form. The bend at 11 however returns at a sharp angle to the mainface of the form, opposite in direction from the bend at 9 at the otheredge of the form, but still at right angles to the main face.

Two units, when secured to'opposite sides of wooden top and bottomplates, 5, y (or plates of other materials) make a hollow rectangularshaped form, beveled in at the edges (see 13-13, Fig. 1).

For the purpose of further explanation, the hollow rectangular form madeoftwo units placed as above described and shown in Fig. 1, shall bereferred to as BB.

Similarly whenother rectangular hollow forms, BB are secured to the sameplates and spaced as shown at AA, Fig. 1, a hollow partition is formedwith V-shaped depressions between the hollow rectangular shaped formsBB. These depressions occur on each side of a partition. The spacingbetween the hollow rectangular forms, B-B at AA, Fig. 1, canbe variedfrom no space at all to as much as required to ob tain the strengthdesired. The width of the plates 5 govern the amount of hollow space 1between the units 8.

It will be noted that'in each V-shaped opening, formed as abovedescribed, one end of each of the units forming B-B projects into thecenter of the V. The object here is to form a strong tie between thewalls on each side of the hollow space 1, and is accomplished when theplaster is applied to the forms. The V depression formed at AA by two ofthe hollow rectangular forms BB when plastered make I-shaped columnswhich tie the walls one to the other and provide the strength necessaryto support what goes above The depressions, by being V-shaped, makes iteasy to apply the plaster material and the part of the form projectinginto the V makes the tie complete. By spacing the hollow rectangularunits at various intervals, the strength of the I-shaped column can bevaried from a column in the center of several inches in width of merelythe wire fabric composing the units. The size of the wire in the fabriccan be varied to obtain the strength desired. The number of coats ofplaster applied on the fabric will depend upon the strength desired.

lVhcre openings occur, single or double studs, 6, Fig. 2, may beinserted to form the necessary nailing to secure steel sash, woodenframe, casings, cases, etc., as is generally used in frame construction,or for nailing blocks, as in concrete construction. Units can be madefor this purpose that are bent only on one edge, orthe regular units canbe cut as de sired on the job.

Fig. 3 shows a. vertical cross section of two units secured to bothsides of the top plates. It will be noted. where the plates occur thewire fabric continues through the bending as heretofore describedoccurring in between the plates. Single plates are used at the bottomand double plates at the top. The object of the extra plate at the topis to aid in securing partitions to each other. here concrete is tocompose the floor above, the regular unit may be usedthe floor restingon the top plate, or if desired, the top plate may be omitted andconcrete poured in its place. The last method makes a concrete beam, thewidth and thickness of the plate omitted. Also, where a concrete flooris to be placed above, the forms may be made to provide for a single topplate and a single bottom plate, in which case Fig. 5 applies. Thepurposes of the plates is to hold the units together, provide a means ofjoining partitions, and to provide a foundation for the floor or joistor whatever may be placed above.

Fig. 4 shows a view of the welded wire fabric at point of securing sameto the top plates. Beneath the plates, the unit isbent as abovedeseribedat the plates, it continues through on th same plane. 7represents the lines at which the wire fabric is bent between the platesto form the V. 9 and 11 represent the lines where the units make thesecond bend between the plates.

The bends in the units, aside from the purposes of same set forth above,give rigidity to the units. Concrete, wood joists, steel joists, raftersor other units may be secured to the tops of these partitions, thusformed the same as in frame or concrete construction.

I claim:

1. A hollow concrete wall comprising supporting framework at. the topand bottom of the wall, hollow forms interposed between said framework,said forms extending on the outsides of said framework and havinginclined ends extending between the framework for forming recesses,means for securing said forms to the framework, and concrete applied tothe exterior surface of said forms and filling the recesses, theconcrete in said recesses when hardened forming supporting columns.

2. A; self-supporting form comprising two identical halves, each havinga flat portion adapted to be secured to the top and bottom of a wallframework, and inclined portions of less height than the first-namedportion so as to extend between the wall framework, the inclinedportions having laterally projecting ends, one set of ends extending ina direction opposite to the other set carried by the same form.

A self-supporting form comprising two identical halves, each having aflat portion adapted to be secured to the top and bottom of a wallframework and inclined portions of less height than the first-namedportion so as to extend between the wall framework, the inclinedportions having laterally projecting ends, one set of ends extending ina direction opposite to the other set carriedby the same form, and backdisposed on the interior of each half for preventing cementitiousmixture from filling up the interior of the form.

4. A hollow concrete wall comprising a plurality of self-supportingfern-1s, each formbeing composed of two identical halves, the ends ofeach form having portions inclined toward each other and having flangesextending at an angle, the flanges at one end of each form extending ina direction opposite to those of the other ends, and a eementitiousmaterial enclosing the forms.

5. A hollow concrete wall comprising a plurality of self-supportingforms abutting each other, each form being composed of two identicalhalves, said halves having laterally extending integral end portions,one pair of end portions extending in an opposite direction to the otherpair, and a ccmentitious material covering the forms.

6. A hollow concrete wall construction comprising a plurality of formsabutting one another, each. form having two identical metal halves thatare spaced one from the other, the vertical edges of the halves beingbent so as to extend toward the outside of the wall, and concreteenclosing the forms and imbedding the bent edges whereby the concrete isreinforced by the bent edges.

7. A hollow concrete wall construction comprising a plurality of formsabutting one another, each form consisting of two metallic halves, eachhalf having inclined portions, the inclined portions of the abuttingforms forming recesses, the edges of said halves having portionsextending into the recesses, concrete covering the outer sides of theforms and filling the recesses, said concrete imbedding the portionsextending into the recesses, whereby reinforced concrete columns areprovided in the recesses.

8. A self-supporting form comprising two halves, each having a flatportion adapted to be secured to the top and bottom of a wall framework,and inclined portions of less height than the first-named portion andprojecting therefrom said inclined portions extending between the wallframework.

9. A self-supporting form comprising two halves, each having a flatportion adapted to be secured to the top and bottom of a wall framework,inclined portions of less height than the first-named portion so as toextend between the wall framework, and backing disposed on the interiorof each half for preventing a cementitious mixture from filling up theinterior of the form.

10. A hollow concrete wall construction comprising a plurality of formsabutting one another, each form consisting of two halves, each halfhaving inclined portions, the inclined portions of the abutting formsforming recesses, the edges of said halves having portions extendinginto the recesses, concrete covering the outer sides of the forms andfilling the recesses, said concrete imbedding the portions extendinginto the recesses, whereby reinforced concrete columns are provided inthe recesses.

11. A form comprising two identical halves having flat bodies to whichends are attached at an oblique angle, said ends having end portionsextending substantially at right angles to the flat body portions.

GEORGE WESLEY WILLIAMS.

